Validation states	Type of result	Average score	S.E.	Percentage of students at or above TIMSS benchmarks
Validation states	Type of result	Average score	S.E.	Advanced	S.E.	High	S.E.	Intermediate	S.E.	Low	S.E.
Alabama	Actual	466	5.9	2	0.8	15	2.5	46	3.1	79	2.2
Alabama	Predicted	469	3.8	2	0.8	15	2.3	48	2.7	82	1.8
California	Actual	493	4.9	5	0.9	24	2.5	59	2.8	87	1.7
California	Predicted	486	3.5	5	1.0	23	2.2	56	2.2	85	1.5
Colorado	Actual	518	4.9	8	1.1	35	2.7	71	2.5	93	1.1
Colorado	Predicted	530*	3.4	11	1.8	41	2.8	75	2.0	94	0.8
Connecticut	Actual	518	4.8	10	1.3	37	2.9	69	2.5	91	1.4
Connecticut	Predicted	526	3.3	10	1.5	39	2.7	74	2.1	94*	0.9
Florida	Actual	513	6.4	8	1.6	31	3.2	68	3.3	94	1.3
Florida	Predicted	518	3.0	8	1.3	34	2.7	71	2.2	93	0.9
Indiana	Actual	522	5.1	7	1.2	35	3.3	74	2.3	95	1.0
Indiana	Predicted	522	3.2	7	0.9	36	2.2	74	2.1	95	1.1
Massachusetts	Actual	561	5.3	19	3.0	57	3.2	88	1.4	98	0.3
Massachusetts	Predicted	556	3.1	19	2.0	56	2.7	85	1.7	97	0.5
Minnesota	Actual	545	4.6	13	2.3	49	2.8	83	1.9	97	0.7
Minnesota	Predicted	533*	3.2	12	1.9	43	2.8	77*	1.8	95*	0.7
North Carolina	Actual	537	6.8	14	2.6	44	3.6	78	2.5	95	1.3
North Carolina	Predicted	525	3.2	10	1.4	39	2.5	73	2.0	94	0.9
* Significantly different (p < .05) from actual results. NOTE: Validation states are those U.S. states that participated in the 2011 TIMSS assessment at the state level. The results for validation states include public schools only. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011 Mathematics Assessment; and International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2011.

State	Average score	S.E.
United States (public)	507	2.6
Alabama¹	466	5.9
Alaska	524	3.0
Arizona	502	3.5
Arkansas	509	3.2
California¹	493	4.9
Colorado¹	518	4.9
Connecticut¹	518	4.8
Delaware	515	2.9
District of Columbia	481	3.1
DoDEA²	517	3.0
Florida¹	513	6.4
Georgia	497	3.3
Hawaii	504	2.9
Idaho	513	3.0
Illinois	517	3.3
Indiana¹	522	5.1
Iowa	527	3.1
Kansas	524	3.1
Kentucky	505	3.1
Louisiana	500	3.5
Maine	535	3.0
Maryland	514	3.5
Massachusetts¹	561	5.3
Michigan	502	3.8
Minnesota¹	545	4.6
Mississippi	476	3.8
Missouri	512	3.4
Montana	531	2.9
Nebraska	511	3.0
Nevada	500	3.1
New Hampshire	541	2.9
New Jersey	545	3.5
New Mexico	496	3.1
New York	529	3.1
North Carolina¹	537	6.8
North Dakota	528	2.8
Ohio	523	3.3
Oklahoma	491	3.3
Oregon	513	3.3
Pennsylvania	527	3.4
Rhode Island	521	2.7
South Carolina	504	3.3
South Dakota	521	2.8
Tennessee	490	3.5
Texas	515	3.2
Utah	510	3.0
Vermont	547	3.0
Virginia	523	3.4
Washington	523	3.2
West Virginia	492	3.0
Wisconsin	535	3.2
Wyoming	524	2.8
¹ Validation state. ² Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: Validation states are those U.S. states that participated in the 2011 TIMSS assessment at the state level. Results for the United States and the validation states are based on actual results from the TIMSS mathematics assessment, while results for all other states are predicted results. The results for all states and the U.S. include public schools only. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011 Mathematics Assessment; and International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2011.

Education system	Average score	S.E.
Abu Dhabi-UAE	449	3.7
Alberta-CAN	505	2.6
Armenia	467	2.7
Australia	505	5.1
Bahrain	409	2.0
Chile	416	2.6
Chinese Taipei-CHN	609	3.2
Dubai-UAE	478	2.1
England-GBR	507	5.5
Finland	514	2.5
Georgia	431	3.8
Ghana	331	4.3
Hong Kong SAR¹	586	3.8
Hungary	505	3.5
Indonesia	386	4.3
Iran, Islamic Republic of	415	4.3
Israel	516	4.1
Italy	498	2.4
Japan	570	2.6
Jordan	406	3.7
Kazakhstan	487	4.0
Korea, Republic of	613	2.9
Lebanon	449	3.7
Lithuania	502	2.5
Macedonia, Republic of	426	5.2
Malaysia	440	5.4
Morocco	371	2.0
New Zealand	488	5.5
Norway	475	2.4
Oman	366	2.8
Ontario-CAN	512	2.5
Palestinian National Authority	404	3.5
Qatar	410	3.1
Quebec-CAN	532	2.3
Romania	458	4.0
Russian Federation	539	3.6
Saudi Arabia	394	4.6
Singapore	611	3.8
Slovenia	505	2.2
Sweden	484	1.9
Syrian Arab Republic	380	4.5
Thailand	427	4.3
Tunisia	425	2.8
Turkey	452	3.9
Ukraine	479	3.9
United Arab Emirates	456	2.1
United States	509	2.6
¹ Hong Kong SAR is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. NOTE: Results for the education systems include public and private schools. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2011.

State	Percentage of students at or above international benchmarks
State	Advanced	S.E.	High	S.E.	Intermediate	S.E.	Low	S.E.
United States (public)	6	0.7	29	1.5	67	1.3	92	0.7
Alabama¹	2	0.8	15	2.5	46	3.1	79	2.2
Alaska	11	1.3	39	2.4	72	2.0	93	1.1
Arizona	7	1.3	29	2.4	63	2.2	89	1.3
Arkansas	6	1.0	29	2.4	67	2.3	92	1.2
California¹	5	0.9	24	2.5	59	2.8	87	1.7
Colorado¹	8	1.1	35	2.7	71	2.5	93	1.1
Connecticut¹	10	1.3	37	2.9	69	2.5	91	1.4
Delaware	7	1.1	32	2.4	70	2.1	93	1.0
District of Columbia	5	0.7	21	1.6	54	2.0	83	1.8
DoDEA²	5	1.3	31	2.9	73	2.2	95	0.7
Florida¹	8	1.6	31	3.2	68	3.3	94	1.3
Georgia	4	1.0	24	2.4	61	2.2	90	1.2
Hawaii	7	1.1	29	2.1	64	2.0	90	1.2
Idaho	7	1.3	31	2.5	69	2.0	93	0.8
Illinois	8	1.3	34	2.5	70	2.2	93	1.0
Indiana¹	7	1.2	35	3.3	74	2.3	95	1.0
Iowa	9	1.3	39	2.5	75	2.1	95	0.9
Kansas	7	1.4	36	2.7	74	2.0	95	0.7
Kentucky	5	1.1	27	2.4	65	2.2	92	1.0
Louisiana	4	0.8	24	2.3	63	2.6	91	1.5
Maine	12	1.5	44	2.5	78	1.9	95	0.8
Maryland	9	1.7	34	2.6	68	2.1	91	1.0
Massachusetts¹	19	3.0	57	3.2	88	1.4	98	0.3
Michigan	5	1.3	26	2.8	63	2.6	91	1.3
Minnesota¹	13	2.3	49	2.8	83	1.9	97	0.7
Mississippi	2	0.7	15	2.3	51	2.8	85	1.8
Missouri	6	1.3	31	2.6	68	2.3	92	1.1
Montana	11	1.7	41	2.6	76	1.8	95	0.7
Nebraska	6	1.2	30	2.5	68	2.1	93	1.0
Nevada	5	1.0	26	2.2	62	2.1	90	1.2
New Hampshire	13	1.6	47	2.6	80	1.8	96	0.7
New Jersey	16	2.0	50	2.8	80	2.0	96	0.8
New Mexico	3	0.8	22	2.1	61	2.3	90	1.3
New York	10	1.1	40	2.3	75	2.1	95	1.1
North Carolina¹	14	2.6	44	3.6	78	2.5	95	1.3
North Dakota	7	1.5	38	2.8	77	1.9	96	0.6
Ohio	8	1.5	36	2.8	74	2.1	95	0.8
Oklahoma	3	1.0	20	2.5	59	2.4	90	1.1
Oregon	7	1.3	32	2.5	69	2.2	92	1.1
Pennsylvania	11	1.5	40	2.6	73	2.1	93	1.0
Rhode Island	9	1.2	37	2.3	72	1.9	93	1.0
South Carolina	6	1.2	27	2.5	64	2.2	91	1.1
South Dakota	7	1.4	35	2.6	74	1.9	95	0.6
Tennessee	4	0.9	21	2.3	58	2.4	88	1.4
Texas	6	1.5	31	2.8	71	2.0	94	0.7
Utah	6	1.2	30	2.4	67	2.0	92	1.0
Vermont	16	1.8	51	2.7	81	1.8	96	0.7
Virginia	10	1.7	38	2.8	73	2.1	94	0.9
Washington	11	1.6	38	2.5	72	1.9	93	0.9
West Virginia	3	0.7	21	2.1	59	2.3	89	1.3
Wisconsin	12	1.5	43	2.6	77	2.0	95	0.8
Wyoming	7	1.3	36	2.7	75	2.1	95	0.7
¹ Validation state. ² Department of Defense Education Activity (overseas and domestic schools). NOTE: Validation states are those U.S. states that participated in the 2011 TIMSS assessment at the state level. Results for the validation states are based on actual results from the TIMSS mathematics assessment, while results for all other states are projected results. The results for all states include public schools only. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2011 Mathematics Assessment; and International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2011.

Education system	Percentage of students at or above international benchmarks
Education system	Advanced	S.E.	High	S.E.	Intermediate	S.E.	Low	S.E.
Abu Dhabi-UAE	2	0.5	12	1.2	39	1.8	71	1.5
Alberta-CAN	3	0.5	24	1.3	69	1.6	95	0.7
Armenia	3	0.4	18	0.9	49	1.4	76	1.2
Australia	9	1.7	29	2.6	63	2.4	89	1.1
Bahrain	1	0.2	8	0.7	26	0.7	53	0.8
Chile	1	0.2	5	0.6	23	1.1	57	1.6
Chinese Taipei-CHN	49	1.5	73	1.0	88	0.7	96	0.4
Dubai-UAE	5	0.7	23	1.2	53	1.0	79	0.8
England-GBR	8	1.4	32	2.9	65	2.7	88	1.6
Finland	4	0.5	30	1.5	73	1.5	96	0.6
Georgia	3	0.3	13	1.0	36	1.5	62	1.6
Ghana	#	†	1	0.2	5	0.8	21	1.8
Hong Kong SAR¹	34	2.0	71	1.7	89	1.4	97	0.8
Hungary	8	0.7	32	1.4	65	1.6	88	1.2
Indonesia	#	†	2	0.5	15	1.2	43	2.1
Iran, Islamic Republic of	2	0.5	8	1.1	26	1.6	55	1.8
Israel	12	1.2	40	1.7	68	1.8	87	1.2
Italy	3	0.5	24	1.1	64	1.4	90	1.1
Japan	27	1.3	61	1.3	87	0.7	97	0.3
Jordan	#	†	6	0.5	26	1.2	55	1.7
Kazakhstan	3	0.7	23	1.8	57	2.1	85	1.3
Korea, Republic of	47	1.6	77	0.9	93	0.6	99	0.2
Lebanon	1	0.2	9	1.0	38	2.2	73	1.9
Lithuania	5	0.6	29	1.3	64	1.4	90	0.7
Macedonia, Republic of	3	0.6	12	1.3	35	1.9	61	1.9
Malaysia	2	0.4	12	1.5	36	2.4	65	2.5
Morocco	#	†	2	0.2	12	0.5	36	1.0
New Zealand	5	0.8	24	2.6	57	2.8	84	1.6
Norway	1	0.2	12	0.9	51	1.6	87	1.3
Oman	#	†	4	0.3	16	0.6	39	1.1
Ontario-CAN	4	0.6	31	1.4	71	1.4	94	0.7
Palestinian National Authority	1	0.3	7	0.7	25	1.3	52	1.5
Qatar	2	0.3	10	0.8	29	1.2	54	1.4
Quebec-CAN	6	0.6	40	1.8	82	1.3	98	0.4
Romania	5	0.8	19	1.3	44	1.7	71	1.5
Russian Federation	14	1.2	47	2.0	78	1.4	95	0.7
Saudi Arabia	1	0.2	5	0.8	20	1.7	47	2.0
Singapore	48	2.0	78	1.8	92	1.1	99	0.3
Slovenia	4	0.4	27	1.2	67	1.4	93	0.7
Sweden	1	0.3	16	0.9	57	1.1	89	0.7
Syrian Arab Republic	#	†	3	0.5	17	1.4	43	1.9
Thailand	2	0.4	8	1.3	28	1.9	62	2.1
Tunisia	#	†	5	0.9	25	1.4	61	1.3
Turkey	7	0.9	20	1.2	40	1.5	67	1.3
Ukraine	5	0.6	22	1.6	53	2.0	81	1.4
United Arab Emirates	2	0.2	14	0.7	42	1.1	73	0.9
United States	7	0.8	30	1.4	68	1.3	92	0.7
† Not applicable. Standard error of the estimate cannot be accurately determined. # Rounds to zero. ¹ Hong Kong SAR is a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People's Republic of China. NOTE: Results for the education systems include public and private schools. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2011.

NAEP-TIMSS Linking StudyMathematics Data Tables