NAEP Analysis and Scaling → Estimation of Population and Student Group Distributions → Examining the Population-Structure Models Used in NAEP → Proportion of Scale Score Variance Accounted for by the Population-Structure Models → Proportion of Scale Score Variance Accounted for by the Population-Structure Models, U.S. History National Assessment, By Scale and Grade: 2010

NAEP Technical DocumentationProportion of scale score variance accounted for by the population-structure model, U.S. history national assessment, by scale and grade: 2010

Grade	Number of initial conditioning contrasts1	Number of principal components1	Proportion2 of scale score variance
			Democracy	Culture	Technology	World role
1 Excluding the constant term. 2 (Total Variance – Residual Variance)/Total Variance, where Total Variance consists of both sampling and measurement error variance. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2010 U.S. History Assessment.
4	2680	437	0.64	0.62	0.70	0.67
8	3052	466	0.64	0.64	0.66	0.66
12	2709	354	0.66	0.67	0.68	0.66

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