NAEP Analysis and Scaling → Estimation of NAEP Score Scales → Treatment of Items to Avoid Violations of Assumptions → Results of NAEP Differential Item Functioning Analyses → Results of NAEP Differential Item Functioning Analysis for Mathematics Long-Term Trend Assessment in 2012

NAEP Technical DocumentationResults of NAEP Differential Item Functioning (DIF) Analysis for Mathematics Long-Term Trend Assessment in 2012

For dichotomously scored items, NAEP categorizes each item into one of three categories: "A" (items exhibiting no DIF), "B" (items exhibiting a weak indication of DIF), or "C" (items exhibiting a strong indication of DIF). A plus sign (+) indicates that items are differentially easier for the focal group (female, Black, or Hispanic students) than for the reference group (male or White students) after making an adjustment for the overall level of proficiency in the two groups; a minus sign (-) indicates that items are differentially more difficult for the focal group than for the reference group. Mathematics long-term trend (LTT) does not have any polytomously-scored items for final scaling.

Number of dichotomously scored items, mathematics long-term trend assessment, by differential item functioning (DIF) category and age: 2012

Age	DIF category	Female/Male	Black/White	Hispanic/White
NOTE: This includes all items in the assessment (the prescaling decisions). SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2012 Mathematics Long-Term Trend Assessment.
9	C-	0	0	0
	B-	3	9	7
	A	133	115	115
	B+	2	9	10
	C+	0	5	6
13	C-	1	2	0
	B-	7	8	6
	A	142	138	138
	B+	7	9	10
	C+	0	0	3
17	C-	12	2	1
	B-	6	8	4
	A	122	131	139
	B+	13	11	11
	C+	2	3	0

Items identified as 'C' items in at least one comparison, mathematics long-term trend assessment, by block and age: 2012

Age	Block	Item	Scale	Comparison	Group Favored
NOTE: A single overall scale was used. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2012 Mathematics Long-Term Trend Assessment.
9	M1	N331101	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M1	N332101	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M2	N295701	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M3	N324001	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M6	N290201	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M1	N331101	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M2	N294301	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M2	N294601	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M5	N288601	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M6	N290201	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M6	N291201	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
13	M2	N302701	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	White
	M3	N324401	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	White
	M3	N324401	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M2	N303201	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M3	N324901	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
	M5	N296401	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	Hispanic
17	M1	N338401	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M1	N330102	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	White
	M2	N302701	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	White
	M3	N327501	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M5	N304401	Mathematics LTT	Black-White	Black
	M1	N330102	Mathematics LTT	Hispanic-White	White
	M1	N338101	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M2	N308801	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M2	N309601	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M2	N309801	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M2	N302901	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Female
	M3	N327101	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M3	N327201	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M4	N317701	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M4	N321201	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Female
	M4	N315401	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M4	N318601	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M5	N304201	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M5	N297101	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male
	M6	N305601	Mathematics LTT	Female-Male	Male

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