NAEP Technical Documentation

Original estimates are based on previous assessment data and previous assessment scaling results, transformed to the reporting metric using the transformation constants identified during the analysis of the previous assessment data. Provisional estimates are based on previous assessment data and current assessment scaling results. Prior to transformation, provisional estimates are on the theta metric specified by the scaling program. The original and provisional estimates for the linking sample are used to find the transformation constants necessary to place the current assessment scale scores on the scale used to report previous assessment scale scores. The transformed provisional estimates are based on previous assessment data and current assessment scaling results, transformed to the reporting metric using the transformation constants calculated from the original and provisional estimates for the linking sample. If the transformation constants are correct, the original and transformed provisional means should be the same.

Comparison of means and percentiles of 2010 scores and 2010-transformed provisional scores, grade 8 U.S. history national assessment, by scale: 2014

Scale	Statistic	Original 2010 estimate	2010-transformed provisional estimate	Difference between the transformed provisional estimate and the original estimate
# Rounds to zero. NOTE: In 2014, grades 4 and 12 were not assessed. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics, National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP), 2014 U.S. History Assessment.
Composite scale	Mean	265.72	265.72	#
	10th percentile	226.95	226.82	-0.13
	25th percentile	246.49	246.46	-0.03
	50th percentile	267.30	267.44	0.14
	75th percentile	286.43	286.55	0.12
	90th percentile	302.34	302.21	-0.13
Democracy	Mean	265.34	265.34	#
	10th percentile	222.43	222.36	-0.07
	25th percentile	243.73	243.78	0.05
	50th percentile	266.71	266.82	0.11
	75th percentile	288.34	288.36	0.02
	90th percentile	306.43	306.27	-0.16
Culture	Mean	268.00	268.00	#
	10th percentile	230.70	230.63	-0.07
	25th percentile	249.84	249.80	-0.04
	50th percentile	269.80	269.84	0.04
	75th percentile	287.94	287.94	#
	90th percentile	302.94	302.95	0.01
Technology	Mean	260.12	260.12	#
	10th percentile	224.33	224.27	-0.06
	25th percentile	242.92	243.04	0.12
	50th percentile	262.08	262.15	0.07
	75th percentile	279.18	279.20	0.02
	90th percentile	293.26	293.20	-0.06
World role	Mean	268.49	268.49	#
	10th percentile	224.54	224.41	-0.13
	25th percentile	246.17	246.30	0.13
	50th percentile	269.81	270.15	0.34
	75th percentile	291.93	292.03	0.10
	90th percentile	310.53	310.22	-0.31

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