NAEP Technical DocumentationSubstitute Schools for the 2013 State Assessment

As participation is effectively mandatory by law at fourth and eighth grades, substitute schools for nonresponding schools were not provided. However, participation was not mandatory at twelfth grade, and substitute schools were used. Substitutes were preselected for the twelfth-grade public school sample by sorting the school frame file according to the actual order used in the sampling process (the implicit stratification). Each sampled school had each of its nearest neighbors on the school frame file selected as a potential substitute. The last sort ordering was by grade enrollment. The result was that the nearest neighbors had grade enrollment values very close to that of the sampled school. To be eligible as a potential substitute, the neighbor needed to be a nonsampled school (for any grade). The school also needed to be in the same implicit stratum as the sampled school. If both nearest neighbors were eligible to be substitutes, the one with a closer grade enrollment was chosen.

Five substitutes participated in the twelfth-grade public school sample in the 13 states.

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