Prior to stratification, the public school sampling frame was divided into grade-specific files, one each for fourth, eighth, and twelfth grade. For each grade-specific frame file, separate implicit stratification schemes were used to sort schools into certainty primary sampling units (PSUs) and noncertainty PSUs. In all cases, the implicit stratification was achieved via a "serpentine sort."
For certainty PSUs, the schools were hierarchically sorted by
Schools in noncertainty PSUs were hierarchically sorted by