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Initial weighting cells for public school students were formed using student-with-disability/limited-English-proficient (SD/LEP) status, school nonresponse cell, age, lunch subsidy status, and gender. SD/LEP status was collapsed into two categories: students who were either SD or LEP in one group and students who were neither in the other group. Age was collapsed into a dichotomy: students who were “older,”1 and students who were “modal age or younger.” Lunch subsidy status was divided into three categories: students with free-lunch or reduced-lunch eligibility, no eligibility, and missing eligibility.
For private schools the initial cells were generated by school nonresponse cell, relative age, race, and sex. Race/ethnicity had six categories:
The race/ethnicity indicated for the student on the school administration schedule was used in this procedure, unless it was missing. In that case, the race status derived from the background questionnaire completed by the student was used. Records where both race values were missing were a separate category.
1 For fourth grade, older students are those born earlier than October 1991; for eighth grade, older students are those born earlier than October 1987; and for twelfth grade, older students are those born earlier than October 1983.